Garrod hypothesized that "inborn errors of metabolism" such as alkaptonuria occur because...genes dictate the production of specific enzymes, and affected individuals have genetic defects that cause them to lack certain enzymes.
Explanation:
Archibald Garrod researched on alkaptonuria and proposed the ‘one gene-one enzyme’ hypothesis. This led to the finding that alkaptonuria is caused due to an inherited or “inborn error of metabolism”.
This hypothesis stated that each gene codes and responsible for a single specific enzyme which facilitates a particular step in the metabolic processes.
According to Garrod, a mutation of a particular gene leads to specific error or defect leading to a lack of a particular enzyme that takes part in the biochemical metabolic pathways. This disrupts the metabolic pathway at the specific enzymatic action point.
In alkaptonuria, it was found that the defective phenotype of dark urine is due to the inborn error happening during the waste elimination process.
Wash your hands & keep your hygiene up .. don’t leave your snotty tissues around or sneeze into open areas.
Answer:
"When your body has to regularly break down that much alcohol, your blood and the functional cells in your liver accumulate a lot of potentially damaging toxic byproducts."
Explanation:
Excessive alcohol consumption, as the man exposed in the question consumes, negatively affects the body's metabolism as ethanol is metabolized by the liver, where harmful substances such as acetaldehyde are released after alcohol is metabolized. It is also known that alcohol consumption generates oxidative damage, free radical accumulation and depletion of hepatic anti-oxidative capacity. In this context, we can conclude that excessive alcohol consumption accumulates toxic byproducts in the body.
Therefore, we can conclude that what the nurse would say to the man presented in the above question is: "When your body has to break down that much alcohol, your blood and the functional cells in your liver accumulate a lot of potentially damaging toxic byproducts".
