The term that describes an illness that affects the mind and reduces a person's ability to function, adjust to change, and get along with others is called, "Mental Disorder".
Answer:
The Aplysia withdrawing it's gills is demonstrating a gill and siphon withdrawal reflex (GSWR) phenomenon
Explanation:
The hill and siphon withdrawal reflex (GSWR) is involuntary and a defensive reflex. This reflex causes delicate siphon and gill to be retracted when an animal is disturbed.
A two-component reflex is triggered when weak or moderate stimulus is applied to a siphon or the mantle shelf. These two components consist of two reflex acts, the siphon-withdrawal reflex and the gill-withdrawal reflex. Together they often form a reflex pattern with short latency that protects the animals gill and siphon to potentially threatening stimuli.
An habituation in an Aplysia californica for example is which is an Aplysia gills is when a stimulus is presented continously to an animal and there is a progressive decrease in response to that particular stimulus.
I believe it is Amy's, because you said Amy's target heart rate zone is 140bpm -- 186bpm. Thus, Amy's is higher
Arrector pili muscle is the one with hair follicles that has a smooth muscle which is in an unconscious control rather than conscious control. This pull up the follicle causing the goose bumps then. Hope this is the right answer and will be of big help then.
