Thomas Hobbes was an early modern philosopher who put forth the idea of a "social contract" -- that governments are formed by the will of the people. This was different than previous views which held that governments (kings) got their authority directly from God.
Hobbes published a famous work called<em> Leviathan</em> in 1651. The title "Leviathan" comes from a biblical word for a great and mighty beast. Hobbes believed government is formed by people for the sake of their personal security and stability in society. In Hobbes' view, once the people put a king (or other leader in power), then that leader needs to have supreme power (like a great and mighty beast). Hobbes' view of the natural state of human beings without a government held that people are too divided and too volatile as individuals -- everyone looking out for his own interests. So for security and stability, authority and the power of the law needs to be in the hands of a powerful ruler like a king or queen. And so people willingly enter a social contract in which they live under a government that provides stability and security for society.
Probably the most famous set of lines from Hobbes' Leviathan book describes what he saw as the natural state of human affairs without government -- one in which every individual had freedom, but that meant it was a situation of "war of all against all," or we might say, every man for himself. Hobbes wrote:
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<em>In such condition, there is no place for industry; because the fruit thereof is uncertain: and consequently no culture of the earth; no navigation, nor use of the commodities that may be imported by sea; no commodious building; no instruments of moving, and removing, such things as require much force; no knowledge of the face of the earth; no account of time; no arts; no letters; no society; and which is worst of all, continual fear, and danger of violent death; and the life of man, solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short.
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Answer:
The Israeli-Palestinian conflict is an on-going struggle that began in the mid-20th century. There has been a long-term peace process and reconciliation between Israel, Egypt, and Jordan but the agreement has not reached a final decision yet.
Conflicts are due to borders, security, water rights, mutual recognition, control of Jerusalem, Palestinian freedom of movement, settlements in Israel, and Palestinians' right to return. With which violence is almost always involved and is the center of numerous international conferences that tackle human rights violations.
Gandhi was unhappy because when the British granted India her independence, the Indian Independence Act of 1947 partitioned British India into two: India and Pakistan. His vision of a free India was a harmonious co-existence of the Hindus and Muslims in one nation.
Answer;
-West Africans were already to the Europeans diseases
Explanation;
They originally enslave American Indians, but three things put a stop to it. First, the Indians were all dying of epidemic diseases, which Africans had already been exposed to. Second, the Indians, being native, had a better knowledge of the land and its peoples, which made escape/revolt attempts more likely to be successful. Third, in response to debates about Spain and Portugal's treatment of indigenous people, the pope issued a bull in 1531 that banned the enslavement of American Indians.
As to why Africa, slavery had already existed in Africa for centuries. The Spanish and Portuguese had been exposed to it through their contact with the Moors of North Africa. So when they needed more labor in their American colonies, they simply bought slaves from one of the various kingdoms of West Africa and shipped them overseas.
