According to classical macroeconomic theory and monetary neutrality, changes in the money supply affect the GDP deflator
A measure of inflation in the prices of goods and services produced in the United States, including exports. The GDP deflator, though calculated differently, reflects the GDP price index very well. The GDP deflator is used by some companies to adjust payments for contracts.
GDP deflator = nominal GDP / real GDP * 100
Other price indexes such as CPI and GDP deflators are not formed in fixed baskets of goods and services. The basket changes each year depending on the investment and consumption patterns of the people of the year.
The GDP deflator is an essential indicator of the economy and helps to compare the year-to-year rise in price levels of goods and services. Unlike the Consumer Price Index (CPI), the GDP deflator allows comparisons across multiple time periods without using the base year as a constant or specific commodity basket.
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Answer:
Disparate impact.
Explanation:
Types of Discrimination :
-DisparateTreatment. Defendant discriminates overtly against all members of protected class.
-Disparate Impact. Defendant’s apparently non-discriminatory practices result in disproportionately heavy impact on protected class.
Disparate Impact characteristics:
-Indirect discrimination
-Unequal consequences or results
-Decision rules with racial / sexual consequences
-Unintentional discrimination
-Neutral, color-blind actions
-Same standards, but different consequences for different groups
Answer: credible commitment
Explanation:
From the question, we are informed that BioGrow Pharma Inc. wanted its research partner, an R&D company, to develop a cancer vaccine but that the project required huge capital investments, and its research partner was not ready to solely face the risks involved.
Therefore, to gain its partner's confidence and to prove its involvement, BioGrow Pharma invested $100 million in the project. This investment made by BioGrow Pharma will result in a credible commitment.
The answer is a group buying platform.
A group buying platform is a type of online shopping website that offers discounted prices for items that are bought by a set amount of buyers. This practice was first recorded in China, where it is called Tuán Gòu.
Many Chinese online marketplaces use this style of purchasing until now. The discounted prices are usually very significant compared to the original price.
