What must officers promptly inform juveniles of when taken into custody?

In recent years, policymakers around the world have been attracted to the concept of integrating a consideration of assets into policy efforts aimed at securing and enhancing social welfare. The theory behind asset-based welfare policy suggests that while income facilitates immediate consumption, social development over the long-term occurs primarily through asset accumulation and investment (Sherraden, 1988, 1991). Assets may not only provide individuals with the ability to exert control over resources that can increase their financial security, they might also orient owners to future aspirations and be linked with positive economic, psychological, and social effects. To explore policy efforts consistent with this theory, Sherraden (1991) proposed the establishment of life-long asset accounts for each individual, preferably for newborns, as a vehicle to implement asset-based welfare policies. He further suggests that asset-based policy should be inclusive, progressive, and built around a single integrative and coherent framework (2003a).The experience of Singapore provides an instructive case study for the potential of this approach. This affluent city-state in Southeast Asia has developed an innovative and comprehensive set of policies that employs an asset-based approach to social welfare (Asher & Nandy, 2006). At the center of these efforts is Singapore's Central Provident Fund (CPF). The CPF has gained international recognition as a particular model for meeting social policy objectives (Hateley & Tan, 2003). As one of the key pillars of Singapore's social safety net (Central Provident Fund Board, 2007b), the CPF seeks to facilitate retirement security while minimizing welfare transfer payments in a manner consistent with a national philosophy of self reliance (Central Provident Fund Board, n.d.-e).

While Singapore became independent in 1965, the CPF was originally established by the British colonial government in 1955 as a compulsory defined-contribution savings scheme. It was designed to provide financial security for workers after retirement or when they were no longer able to work (Asher, 1991). However, over the years, the CPF has been used to accelerate national economic growth (Central Provident Fund Board, n.d.-e) and has since evolved into a comprehensive social security savings plan with various pre-retirement uses such as financing healthcare, post-secondary education, home ownership, and other asset enhancement investments. Furthermore, the CPF is an integral part of the continuum of asset-based policies in Singapore that extend throughout the life course (Loke & Sherraden, 2009). Policies such as the Children Development Accounts (CDAs) that target children from birth to age six, the Edusave Scheme that benefits school-going children, and the Post-Secondary Education Accounts (PSEAs) are fully integrated with the infrastructure of the CPF. Unused balances in the CDAs and the Edusave Accounts are rolled-over to the PSEAs, which in turn transfers its unused balances to the CPF. With a portfolio of continuous managed investment, the CPF has become a life-long provision (Aw & Low, 1996).

There is much to be learned from the Singapore and CPF experience. Especially for other countries considering how to organize social policy efforts to support savings, promote asset-based welfare, and design a lifelong and multi-purpose yet coherent system. This paper will present an overview of CPF, describe how distributions from the fund support a range of policy objectives throughout the life course, and then discuss implications of these findings for national policy efforts in other countries, such as the United States.

7 0

3 years ago

Can someone help me pls?!

Sophie [7]

Answer:

B

Explanation:

6 0

3 years ago

Every day, you see, hear, smell, taste and feel stimuli from the outside world. Collecting data about that world is the function

Delvig [45]

The correct answer is Sensation; perception

Sensation and perception are two processes that correlate to help us experience and interpret the world. Despite being different processes, they have many similarities and share common goals, both have the purpose of guaranteeing the subject's well-being from his adaptation to the environment.

In a synthetic way, the human being apprehends his environment from his sensation - which is not limited to the five senses, as we will talk about later - and endows his sensations with meaning from an interpretation, which is called perception.

The sensation, by itself, means the process of experiencing the world through the senses, which is provided by the sensory organs. The sensory organs, in turn, capture stimuli of any class. That is, sensation is the act of receiving stimuli from the environment.

Perception, on the other hand, consists of giving meaning to a given experience. Perception then becomes the act of interpreting the stimuli that have been added to us through the sensory organs.

Each subject perceives a particular stimulus according to their historical narratives where the same stimulus was present to a greater or lesser extent. For example, lightning can be scary for some and mean nothing to others. This is due to the learning that came from past experiences.

The sensation is deeply rooted in the biological, in the apprehension by the sensory organs that capture the stimulus and bring them to our organism. However, the perception is completely related to the psychological; for involving past experiences and the subject's relationship with certain stimuli.

Humanistic approaches work a lot with the individual's perception of a particular event. For humanism, the change in the meaning of an experience can enhance the subject and give back their autonomy, and this happens through perception through a new look and through techniques that involve revisiting the same events that generated the symptoms.

Sensation and perception are processes that go together and are extremely important for the constitution of the subject, as well as for his survival in his environment. The importance of your study is due to the positive impacts of "reframing" evidenced through numerous researches, today a unique tool in psychotherapy.

8 0

3 years ago