I don't see the underline, but I'm pretty sure that the verb is "has known". That's the present perfect tense.
<span>created by oneself or itself </span>
The correct answer is:
Prewriting
Prewriting is stage of the writing process that involves gathering and selecting ideas. It can include creating lists, researching, brainstorming, creating charts, reading to discover more about the author's style, talking, collecting memorabilia or clips from other texts, and free-writing.
inferences made or conclusions drawn about texts ... Mr. Shaw, a busy-looking gentleman, said , "How do you do, my ... Assessment Target: 8: KEY DETAILS: Cite explicit text evidence to support.