Answer:
b. professional bureaucracy
Explanation:
Bureaucracy refers to a kind of organizational structure which is governed by a clearly defined authority and rigid rules and regulations alongside long chain of hierarchy and reporting, which makes decision making a time consuming affair.
As per Mintzberg, professional bureaucracy is characterized by standardization of skills coupled with vertical and horizontal decentralization of responsibilities.
Such form of organizational structure allows for greater degree of autonomy and control to the professionals w.r.t their work. Such a bureaucracy recognizes the authority of professional expertise instead of the authority of hierarchy.
Such form of organizational structure is usually followed by schools, hospitals and universities wherein, the professional expertise of doctors and teachers define the authority instead of a pre existing chain of hierarchy that dictates what one is permitted to do.
The term " Push Communication "describes the information that is sent to recipients without their request via reports, e-mails, faxes, voice mails, and other means.
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What is the difference between pull and push communication?</h3>
When an urgent reaction is not needed, push communication is appropriate. On receiving the message, the addressee does something, though. Informational communication is a type of pull communication. The message is communicated by the sender via websites, bulletins, etc.
In push communication, the sender pushes information in one direction to the receiver. The most frequent use of it is to provide expected, non-urgent information. Push communication is typically communicated in writing and does not require a prompt reaction from the recipient.
Learn more about Push Communication here:
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Answer:B. Seasonal trend.
Explanation:
It's a decision based on historical data of what during a particular events or time period to predict future performance.
Answer: The pressure to succeed creates opportunities that reward unethical decisions.
Explanation: "bad barrels" has attempted to identify characteristics of organisations that make them particularly vulnerable to tolerating or even encouraging destructive behavior. Organizations can become "bad barrels" because the pressure to succeed creates opportunities that reward unethical decisions. Bad barrels explains misbehaviour in the workplace.
Answer and Explanation:
The computation is shown below:
a. The value of P is $31,000 i.e. equivalent to the estimated value of the current market value
b. The value of n is 3 years
c, The value of S is $18,000 i.e. equivalent to the estimated value of the market
d. The AOC value is $21,000 per year i.e. equivalent to the M&O cost
