Answer:
Hydrophilic heads facing exterior
Hydrophobic tails facing interior
Explanation:
In 1972, the fluid mosaic model was proposed to describe the structure of the plasma membrane. This model describes the plasma membrane to possess components including phospholipids, cholesterol and proteins. The phospholipid component is composed of glycerol, two fatty acids and a phosphate-containing head, which are arranged in two adjacent layers forming the phospholipid bilayer in the membrane of biological organisms.
Phospholipids have both the hydrophilic and hydrophobic region. Hence they are said to be AMPHIPATHIC.
The head of the phospholipid is negatively charged due to its phosphate content, making it polar and hydrophilic i.e. water-loving. This hydrophilic head faces the exterior of the cell in order to interact with fluids.
The tails of the phospholipid are long fatty acids that keep away from water i.e. hydrophobic. Due to their water-fearing nature, they avoid water and face the interior of the cell, where each tail face each other.
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B. It is a form of passive transport.
Basement membrane
A thin extracellular layer upon which an epithelial rests is called a basement membrane.
Basement membrane is a specialised form of extracellular matrix on which a layer of epithelial cells rests . The basement membrane is made up of a mixture of collagens, and glycoproteins such as perlecan, heparan sulphate and entactin. The basement membrane supports the overlying epithelium by preventing any association between the epithelial cells and the other cells present within the tissue. The basement membrane also functions as a molecular filter as it permit only water and tiny molecules to move through.
