An average person (let's say one that weights 70 kg) has about 5.5 liters of blood (that's a little more than 160 ounces or 1.2 to 1.5 gallons). Other way of saying this is : about 7% of body weight.
The correct answer is A.) however C.) is cellular respiration or the function of the mitochondria. D.) is describing chloroplasts B.) is something concerning DNA and proteins synthesis
The beneficial uses of bacterial toxins in medicine are more and more used lately. For example, Botulinum toxin is a toxic protein produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum which has paralytic effects (injection of this toxin into muscle relax specific muscles). Botulinum toxin accomplishes his effects on the neuromuscular junction where he prevents the release of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (Ach). Utilization of this toxin is in the treatment of various muscle spasms. It is also used in the treatment of migraines. Diphtheria toxin is also one of the toxins used for medical purposes for the treatment of cutaneous and non-Hodgkin T-cell lymphomas. <span>Some bacterial toxins can be used in the treatment of tumours. For example, immunotoxin, which is protein made by fusion of modified antibody and toxin.The antibody binds to an antigen on the target cell, the toxin then enters via endocytosis and kills the cell. Commonly used bacterial toxins in immunotoxins are Diphtheria toxin and the Pseudomonas exotoxin.</span>
The cellular process shown in the image as x, y and z are mentioned below:
X is Replication. It is the process by which double- DNA Replication is the process by which double stranded DNA makes its own copies. Each strand on its separation, synthesizes a complementary stand.
Y is Transcription. It is the process by which copying of the information from a strand of DNA into a new molecule of mRNA, with the help of an enzyme RNA polymerase.
Z is Translation. It is the process in which genetic code on mRNA is decoded to produce the specific sequence of amino acids to form a polypeptide chain.
Answer:
Only P-, F-, and V-class pumps transport ions.
Explanation:
The distinct classes of ATPases include:
1) Only the P-type ATPase actively transports ions across biological membranes. P-ATPases (also named E1-E2 ATPases) are found both in plasma and organelle membranes. These ATPases serve to transport ions and phospholipids by hydrolyzing ATP to ADP and phosphate.
2) A- and F-ATPases synthesize ATP by transforming the energy from a gradient of ions across the cell membrane.
3) V-ATPase (also known as Vacuolar-H+ ATPases) acidifies vacuole, lysosome, endosome and Golgi membranes. This type of ATPase couples the hydrolysis of ATP to the active transport of protons across biological membranes.
4) E-ATPases hydrolyze extracellular ATP.
