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bazaltina [42]
3 years ago
15

Manny hired his brother’s firm to provide accounting services to his business. During the current year, Manny paid his brother’s

firm $94,000 for services even though other firms were willing to provide the same services for $64,000. How much of this expenditure, if any, is deductible as an ordinary and necessary business expenditure?
Business
1 answer:
Naily [24]3 years ago
3 0

Answer:

$64,000

Explanation:

In order to be deductible, a business expense must be both ordinary and necessary. Being ordinary means that it is a plausible expense for this business, since the expense in question is related to accounting services, it is ordinary. Being necessary means that the expense is the minimum required and is appropriate and helpful to the business. In this case, all of the expense was not required, therefore, only $64,000 (the reasonable market value for the services provided) are deductible.

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A major reason why it is difficult to lower the barriers to free trade is A. the loss of jobs without any gain of jobs from free
Thepotemich [5.8K]

Answer:

B) the uneven distribution of gains and losses from free trade.

Explanation:

One of the most important reasons why governments impose trade barriers is to protect domestic jobs (and domestic industries). We are part of a society (country), and society's most important component is people, not money. Generally the economic gains of free trade are larger than the economic losses, but the economic losses hurt the most.

Imagine if no trade barriers actually existed, how many millions of jobs would be lost in the US. Trade barriers are nothing new, the current president didn't invent them. He just incinerated them.

How does a leader tell the people that 10 or 20 million must lose their jobs and probably will not be able to find any similar jobs in the future just because the rest of society will benefit from cheaper products. The lives of 20 million households (50-80 million people) would be destroyed, while 280 million people would benefit.

The amount of harm done to the people that lose their jobs is much greater than any individual benefit.

6 0
3 years ago
If you start investing a little money now you will most likely have a lot more mone than those who start investing later on in l
Afina-wow [57]

True, usually the earlier you invest the more money you will get later down the road.  

7 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
The relationship between financial leverage and profitability Pelican Paper, Inc., and Timberland Forest, Inc., are rivals in th
OLEGan [10]

Answer:

Pelican Paper, Inc., and Timberland Forest, Inc.

Financial leverage and profitability Ratio Analysis

A. Computation of debt and coverage ratios:

1. debt ratio  = Total debt to Total assets x 100

Pelican = $1,000,000/$10,000,000 x 100

= 10%

Timberland =v$5,000,000/$10,000,000 x 100

= 50%

2. times interest earned ratio = EBIT/Interests

Pelican = $6,250,000/$100,000

= 62.5 times

Timberland = $6,250,000/$500,000

= 12.5 times

A discussion of their financial risk and ability to cover the costs:

Pelican Paper's financial leverage is 10% compared to Timberland's 50%, showing that debt creditors finance and lay claim to half of the company's assets.  This is very high and not attractive to potential investors and creditors.  Timberland has already hampered its ability to borrow more as it is highly leveraged.  Whereas Pelican Paper can meet its debt obligations and pay its interest expenses 62.5 times from current earnings, these pale in comparison with Timberland's 12.5 times, further jeopardizing its opportunities for more debt financing.

B. Calculation of the profitability ratios:

1. Operating profit margin  = EBIT/Sales x 100

Pelican Paper = $6,250,000/$25,000,000 x 100 = 25%

Timberland = $6,250,000/$25,000,000 x 100 = 25%

2. Net profit margin  = (EBIT less Interest)/Sales x 100

Pelican Paper = ($6,250,000 - $100,000)/$25,000,000 x 100

= $6,150,000/$25,000,000 x 100 = 24.6%

Timberland = ($6,250,000 - $500,000)/$25,000,000 x 100

= $5,750,000/$25,000,000 x 100 = 23%

3. Return on total assets  = EBIT/Total Assets x 100

Pelican Paper = $6,250,000/$10,000,000 x 100

= 62.5%

Timberland = $6,250,000/$10,000,000 x 100

= 62.5%

4. Return on common equity = Earnings available to Common Stockholders/Equity x 100

Pelican = $3,690,000/$9,000,000 x 100

= 41%

Timberland = $3,450,000/$5,000,000 x 100

= 69%

A discussion of their profitability relative to one another:

The two companies make the same level of operating profit margin at 25%, but Pelican's net profit margin of 24.6% is better than Timberland's 23%.  They show that Pelican's management has better ability to control expenses than Timberland's.

The returns on assets are similar for both companies, but Timberland performed better than Pelican Paper in terms of the return on equity.  This shows that Timberland with ROE of 69% is making larger returns for its common stockholders than Pelican because it is leveraging debts, whose interests are tax-deductible, and also using less equity in generating the returns.

C. The larger debt of Timberland has made it more profitable than Pelican Paper because the debt interests are deductible from EBIT before tax expense is computed and it reduces the tax burden for the company, thus making it to pay less tax and saving more profits for distribution to its stockholders.

However, this higher return to the investors in Timberland also comes with higher risks, as the investors are exposed to debt risks, higher pressure to satisfy debt creditors, heightened interference and oversight from creditors since they own half of the assets of the company, and an increased threat of business takeover in case of debt default.

Explanation:

a) Data:

Items                        Pelican Paper, INC    Timberland Forest, INC

Total assets              $10,000,000               $10,000,000

Total equity                  9,000,000                   5,000,000

Total Debt                     1,000,000                   5,000,000

Annual Interest                100,000                      500,000

Total Sales                 25,000,000                25,000,000

EBIT                              6,250,000                  6,250,000

Earnings available for  common

stockholders               3,690,000                   3,450,000

b) Ratio computation and analysis help companies to compare their performances and positions with competitors.  They can spot risks facing a company and even point out ways to address such business risks.

8 0
3 years ago
It is July 16. A company has a portfolio of stocks worth $100 million. The beta of the portfolio is 1.2. The company would like
Anuta_ua [19.1K]

Answer:

A. The company should take Short position and

140 contract

B. The company should take Long position and 60 contract

B.

Explanation:

Calculation for what position that the company should take

Using this formula

Company position=(Beta of the portfolio*Change in beta of the portfolio) *Portfolio of stocks /Index futures price* Each Contract index times

Let plug in the formula

Company position =(1.2-0.5)*$100 million/2,000*250

Company position=0.7*$100 million/500,000

Company position=$70,000,000/500,000

Company position=140 contract

Therefore the position that the company should take will be SHORT position with 140 contract

B. Calculation for the increase in beta of the portfolio from 1.2 to 1.5 and what position tthr company should take in the futures contract and how many contracts

Using this formula

Company position=Increase in beta of the portfolio *Portfolio of stocks /Index futures price* Each Contract index times

Let plug in the formula

Company position =(1.5-1.2)*$100 million/2,000*250

Company position=0.3*$100 million/500,000

Company position=$30,000,000/500,000

Company position=60 contract

Therefore the company should take Long position and 60 contract

4 0
3 years ago
When the price at which the quantity of a product willing to be purchased by customers and the quantity of product willing to be
Olegator [25]
When the price at which the quantity of a product willing to be purchased by customers and the quantity of product willing to be made by a producer are equal, this is known as the equilibrium price. Equilibrium price is the price set by a market in which the amount of products that are supplied is equal to the amount of products that are demanded.
8 0
3 years ago
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