Explanation:
A frameshift mutation is an insertion or deletion in a sequence of DNA which disrupts the way the code is read. It occurs when the codons undergo a disruption through the deletion or insertion of one or multiple nucleotides (given that the number removed or added are not multiples of 3) - this alters the open reading frame; the amino acids produced through translation simply occur in a different sequence.
Further Explanation:
During the process of cell division, spontaneous changes within the genome can arise. These mutations are errors occur when copies of the DNA within the cell are made; mutations may range from small changes called single nucleotide polymorphisms, to large scale deletions, and additions which span multiple genes. There are two types:
- somatic: these only occur within certain cells, and arise from environmental factors such as UV light
- hereditary: occur within germ cells of the parent and later the fertilized egg which forms a zygote; these are present within all cells of the new organism.
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Answer:
C.
Explanation:
Absolute dating is defined as the method used to determine the age of biotic or abiotic things on a specified chronology in geology and archaeology.
Layers of the soil are used to determine the age of a geologic event is not a form of absolute dating because the deepest river deposits in the specific basin is used to determine the geological event.
So, the deposits of soil are used to tell the the age of a geologic event and not the layers of soil.
Hence, the correct option is C.
Answer:
Genetic Mutation
Explanation:
Speciation can be driven by evolution, which is a process that results in the accumulation of many small genetic changes called mutations in a population over a long period of time.
There are a number of different mechanisms that may drive speciation.
Two of them to point out here.
1. natural selection
2. genetic drift
genetic drift describes random fluctuations in allele frequencies in populations, which can eventually cause a population of organisms to be genetically distinct from its original population and result in the formation of a new species.
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