Answer:
a. ATP and NADPH
Explanation:
Light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis include splitting of water in the presence of sunlight and release of electrons. The electrons move from the reaction center of the PS-II via electron carriers to the PS-I. From the reaction center of PS-I, the electrons finally reach NADP reductase and reduce NADP into NADPH.
During this electron transfer via electron carriers, a proton concentration gradient is generated across the thylakoid membrane. The energy of this gradient is used to drive ATP synthesis. ATP and NADPH formed during the light-dependent phase of photosynthesis are then used during the reactions of the Calvin cycle.
Answer:
4. The correct pathway for the flow of electron during photosynthesis is mentioned in option D.
> <em>NADP </em>> <em>Calvin cycle.</em>
- Electron is first provided to the photo-system II by the phtolysis of water.
- Then it is passed to photo-system I with the help of plastoquinone (PQ) and cytochrome
. - Finally, electron from the photo-system II is used to reduce NADP to NADPH.
- NADPH and ATP are used in light independent phase or Calvin cycle to synthesize carbohydrate from carbon dioxide.
5. The correct answer is B.) photosynthesis.
- Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants synthesize glucose or carbohydrate from carbon dioxide and water in presence of sunlight and chlorophyll.
- In light independent phase of photosynthesis, it requires ATP and NADPH in order to synthesize food.
- Lastly, oxidation or breaking down of glucose releases energy and photosynthesis is a anabolic process instead of catabolic one.
In biology, cellular communication is a term used to determine distinct kinds of methods of communication among the living cellulites. Of these intercellular communication signifies the communication between the cells. In this kind of communication, membrane vesicle trafficking plays an essential role in both humans and animals.
On the other hand, intracellular communication signifies towards the communication of the organelles in order to sustain cellular homeostasis.
I would need more information to answer this question

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Answer:
<u><em>C. bacteria genetically modified to be antibiotic-resistant</em></u>
Explanation:
<em>Genetically modifying organisms can be either beneficial or harmful for humans. As we can be infected by bacteria, we developed antibiotics to fight those infections, and this saves many lives as it is an efficient medicine.</em><em> But when a bacteria is genetically modified to be resistant to antibiotics, we can be harmed as we don't have a way to fight the infection and the bacteria will spread (even maybe kill us).</em><em> T</em><em>herefore, bacteria that are antibiotic-resistant do not benefit humans, and the correct answer is C. bacteria is genetically modified to be antibiotic resistant.</em>