They were killed and convicted of being supporters of capitalism.
This collectivization led to famine killing millions of people. Others who refused to coorperate were banished to siberia. About 15 million were banished and 3 million most of the children died on the way. :(
I hope this helps by
"<span>It led to a large number of causalities on both sides" would be the best option from the list, since the war still dragged on although now with far more men involved, meaning more deaths.</span>
