Answer: a. Jiang had collaborated with the Japanese during WWII.
Explanation:
"The answer is Caliphate.The territory of a caliph is called a caliphate. Caliphate is an Islamic area which is believed to be the residence of the Caliph. Caliph is a person that is believed to be the religious successor of Prophet Mohammad."
Technological innovation and growing<span> trade with other nations. Industrial growth.</span>
The Congress of Vienna was considered a success because it was the first time in history that on a continental scale national representatives came together to formulate treaties, instead of relying mostly on messages from the several capitals. The Congress of Vienna was a conference headed by the monarchs of Austria and it was to provide a long-term peace plan for the superpowers of Europe and to have stability in Europe.