The formula for probability is # of favorable outcomes divided by the total number of outcomes.
So we know that there are a total of 5 letters. The child writes two letters, so we will have x/5 * x/5. Now, it is asking, what is the probability that they are both vowels.
We can see that a, i, and e are vowels, so the probability if the child were to write one letter would be 3/5. Since he is writing 2, you can multiply 3/5 * 3/5, which would give you your answer, 9/25. Therefore the probability that both letters are vowels is 9/25.
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The six scores have to average out to the mean, so their sum has to be six times the mean. Since the sum of the first five is 5 more than 5 times the mean, the remaining score must be 5 less than the mean.
