First they would have to be in a anti slavery state, there were also some wealthy African Americans in the time of slavery
They chose to create the declaration of independence because the English were being oppressive toward the new colonies. Since they didn't like it the created the document to break free of the English to be able to fight them. Even though there was already bloodshed they wanted to end that.
*proceeds to make plans within 5 minutes and do some Kevin McCallister style Home alone 1 and 2 traps)