It provides the approx. time that the organism was alive by comparing them to index fossils.
The answer is electron transport chain. It is a series of complexes that transfer electrons from electron donors to electron acceptors via redox reactions, and couples the electron transfer with the transfer of protons across a membrane. Electrons are transferred from NADH and FADH2 (proton donors) through the electron chain to oxygen, which is reduced to water. This process produces 34 ATP molecules and water from the carrier molecules.
Answer:
Yes
Explanation:
Lower pH a stronger acid.
A) You would have to incorporate that gene into the bacteria's plasmid (genetic information that isn't in its main genome) so that it can use it and express its message. This is done using enzymes that cut that circular plasmid, insert the gene you want, and put the circular molecule back together. Once you have the bacteria with the plasmid in it, you replicate that bacteria, so all the resulting copies will have that gene and they'll express it.
B) If not enough protein is being produced it could be because you don't have enough bacteria, you'd need a bigger population. The medium the bacteria is in also should be optimal so that it can be as efficient as possible.
There really is no way unless both the parents are the are tall or short
