processing information that is received from the stimuli receptors
sending out information so that the body can react appropriately to stimuli
coordinating reflexes and reactions to stimuli
10-15% of energy is transferred between a producer and primary consumer.
It really is impossible to predict such a matter. I mean, think about it, its nearly impossible to think about how earth would be impacted if the heat from the interior of the planet that powers plate tectonics were to suddenly cease to exsist, or if that heat never exsisted in the first place, because that is how planets are formed.
One thing is certain however, life wouldn't be the same without plate tectonics; in one case, the constont transgression/regression, sue in large part of tectonic forces acts as a evolutionary pump forcing life to evolve. EXAMPLE: the evolution of plants from marine to terrestrial settings. Without plate tectonics, life would certainly be dramatically different.
~This is an edgucated guess. :) I hoped i helped. :)
Simple version:
First, the section with the desirable gene must be identified. Assuming that has already happened, the section of DNA must be excised from the original genome using restriction enzymes, which recognize certain DNA sequences and snip DNA at those sites. DNA ligase is used to "glue" these ends back together. The DNA is inserted into a plasmid (also with restriction enzymes), which would usually contain antibiotic-resistance genes (so they survive in an environment containing the antibiotic, which would also help show if the bacteria have been successfully transformed).
Then comes the actual transformation process. The bacteria to be transformed are mixed with calcium chloride (which causes the bacteria to be more receptive to the plasmids) and then mixed with the plasmids. The bacterial cells are subjected to a heat shock (the solution is heated and rapidly cooled, e.g. by placing the mixture in a hot water bath and quickly transferred to ice) so they will take up the plasmid (since the temperature change makes the membrane more permeable). The bacteria are placed on a growth medium containing the antibiotic they're resistant to. Only those successfully transformed would survive.
