<span>A male or female reproductive cell is called a "Gamete"
Hope this helps!</span>
The answer to the question would be an extra chromosome.
Meiosis is a type of cell division which all sexually reproducing diploid eukaryotes have. It is finished in the process of fertilization, resulting in a zygote. The chromosome number is divided by half in this process, resulting in four haploid cells which all differ genetically from the parent cells. After DNA replication, two cell divisions take place, referred to as Meiosis I and Meiosis II. The first cell division generates the diversity of genetic information through the process of crossing over and random positioning of homologous chromosomes. The number of chromosomes is here reduces from diploid (2n) to haploid (n).
In order to achieve genetic diversity, the homologous chromosomes need to separate in the first meiosis, and then the sister chromatids need to separate in the second meiosis, which brings us to four haploid cells. Nondisjunction is an error in this process that can happen in either the separation of homologous chromosomes, or the separation of sister chromatids. The result of nondisjunction in a chromosome imbalance, so a cell that has been affected by nondisjunction is an aneuploid cell. There are different types of aneuploidy, like monosomy (the loss of one chromosome), trisomy (the gaining of one chromosome) and different syndromes can occur as a result of this erroneous process.
Out of the answers you provided, gaining an extra chromosome would be the answer, but a single chromosome loss can also be the result of nondisjunction.
(i) The investigation was carried out at 40°C because the temperature is near optimum temperature and it denatures at a higher temperature.
(ii) The effects of increasing the pH on rate of activity of enzyme Q will be the increase in activity from pH 3 to pH 7, the decrease in activity from pH 7 to pH 11 and the optimum pH.
Nitrogen forms NUCLEOTIDES that are part of DNA, as well as amino acids, which help build proteins. Nucleotides are building blocks of DNA.
<h3>Nucleotides and DNA</h3>
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a double helix molecule composed of two long strands of building blocks called nucleotides.
In DNA, there are four types of nucleotides that contain different nitrogenous bases: Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine and Thymine.
The nitrogenous bases are composed of nitrogen and they are fundamental to form nucleotides (nucleotides consist of one nitrogenous base, one sugar and one phosphate group).
Learn more about nucleotides here:
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I would say urinary system due to it containing fluid. But I also want to say endocrine so between them both
