Answer:
The miasma theory (also called the miasmatic theory) is an obsolete medical theory that held diseases—such as cholera, chlamydia, or the Black Death—were caused by a miasma (μίασμα, ancient Greek: "pollution"), a noxious form of "bad air", also known as night air.
Well, I'm not sure which war you're referencing. But, if it's WWI, they did it through war bonds and taxes. Mostly war bonds.
Basic rights such as freedom of religion and speech and protection from cruel and or unusual punishment, among others.
