Malonyl CoA regulates a variety of enzymes, including fatty acid synthase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, and carnitine palmitoyltransferase I.
Malonyl CoA is an important regulatory molecule that is involved in the control of fatty acid synthesis. It is the precursor molecule to acetyl CoA and is produced in the cytosol of cells from acetyl CoA by the enzyme acetyl-CoA carboxylase. Malonyl CoA then serves as a substrate for a variety of enzymes, which are regulated by their levels.
One of the enzymes that Malonyl CoA regulates is fatty acid synthase (FAS). FAS catalyzes the conversion of acetyl CoA and malonyl CoA into long-chain fatty acids. The enzyme is activated when Malonyl CoA binds to the active site, which induces a conformational change in the enzyme that increases the affinity of the enzyme for its substrate.
Another enzyme that Malonyl CoA regulates is acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC). ACC catalyzes the carboxylation of acetyl CoA to form malonyl CoA. This enzyme is regulated by Malonyl CoA, as the presence of Malonyl CoA in the active site of the enzyme inhibits its activity. This serves to prevent the production of excessive amounts of Malonyl CoA, which could otherwise lead to excessive fatty acid synthesis.
Finally, Malonyl CoA also regulates the enzyme carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT-I). CPT-I is responsible for the transport of long-chain fatty acids across the mitochondrial membrane, a process that is necessary for the oxidation of fatty acids. Malonyl CoA binds to CPT-I, inhibiting its activity and thus preventing fatty acid oxidation. This serves to maintain the levels of Malonyl CoA in the cytosol, ensuring that it can be used for fatty acid synthesis.
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They are different substances because in the weight and size, they are different.
in weight gas weighs nothing but every solid is different.
same with liquids.
Answer:
D. The particles move up and down without changing their position
Explanation:
These are gases. They are typically known for their randomness and no fixed arrangement of their atoms.
Gases generally assume the volumes of the containers they fill. They spread easily and readily to fill the volume where they occupy. Also, gases are readily compressible as they lack intermolecular attraction between their molecules.
Answer:7.229 grams of oxygen is formed by the complete reaction of 35.23 g of metallic sodium with oxygen at 130–200 °C, a process that generates sodium oxide, which in a separate stage absorbs oxygen: 4 Na + O2 → 2 Na2O. The ozone oxidizes the sodium to form sodium peroxide.
