Question

One child of female i-3 has albinism. what is the probability that any of the other four children are carriers of the allele for albinism?

Answer 1

Albinism is a recessive trait so both parents must have the recessive allele for it to occur. Let A be the dominant allele and a be the albinism allele.
Parents: Aa x Aa (considering neither were albino)
Children possible genotypes: AA, Aa, Aa, aa

Possibility of a child being a carrier: 50%

Answer 2

In the case of albinism there is two probability of parents’ genotype.

• If one of the parents is carrier of albinism then two out of the four possible offspring are carrier and two are normal. This case is not possible because one child is albino according to the scenario given in question.

• If both the individual are carrier then out of four progeny, two progeny are carrier, one is normal and one is albino.

Further Explanation:

Albinism is a genetic disorder but it is quite a rare disease. It mainly affects the skin, hair, and eye of an individual. In the population of ninety thousand people then one person is probable to suffering from this disease. It developed in the body due to the abnormality or defects in the gene that distributes or produces melanin. This defect leads to a lack of melanin or less amount of melanin is produced. This defect leads to the development of albinism disease. It is an inherited disease because it can pass from one generation to another.

Most children are at high risk of albinism if parents have albinism disease. The major symptoms of albinism are:

• The light color of the hair, eye and skin

• Patches on the skin

• Loss of vision

• Blindness

• Photophobia

• Astigmatism

Albinism is an autosomal recessive trait. If a child is born with albinism then both the parent should carrier of albinism. In the first generation if both the individual is a carrier of albinism then there is fifty percent of chances that out of four progeny two progeny are the carrier of albinism. In another case in which one individual is a carrier and another individual is normal then the second generation has a probability of two children carrier of albinism and two children are normal. In this scenario none of them is suffering from albinism.

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Answer Details:

Grade: High School

Subject: Biology

Chapter: Albinism

Keywords:  Albinism, photophobia, blindness, melanin, generation, child, skin, eye, hair, body, defect, parents, disease, patches, population, symptoms.