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The Renaissance was a period in European cultural history that followed the Middle Ages. It started in Italy in the fourteenth century and spread throughout most of Europe in the following centuries.
Renaissance architecture emerged around 1400 and passed into Baroque around 1600. It is a period in which master builders gained prestige and confidence and saw themselves no longer as craftsmen, but as scholars.
Ancient Greek and Roman architecture was rediscovered and admired. Proportion and harmony were very important, just like in classical times. However, where the proportions in antiquity were taken from music theory, Renaissance architects often used the human body as a starting point. A distinctive characteristic of this period is the use of pilasters in the facades and pediments above window and door openings.
Trade to Western Europe grew as a result of the <span>Crusades opening travel to the Near East and bringing back new goods</span>
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Most of the population was indians who where over worked underpaid and resented which explains why most of the populace was over and under everything.
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Western imperialism in Asia as presented in this article pertains to Western European entry into what was first called the East Indies. This was sparked early in the 15th century by the search for trade routes to China that led directly to the Age of Discovery, and the introduction of early modern warfare into what was then called the Far East. By the early 16th century the Age of Sail greatly expanded Western European influence and development of the Spice Trade under colonialism. There has been a presence of Western European colonial empires and imperialism in Asia throughout six centuries of colonialism, formally ending with the independence of the Portuguese Empire's last colony East Timor in 2002. The empires introduced Western concepts of nation and the multinational state. This article attempts to outline the consequent development of the Western concept of the nation state.
The thrust of European political power, commerce, and culture in Asia gave rise to growing trade in commodities—a key development in the rise of today's modern world free market economy. In the 16th century, the Portuguese broke the (overland) monopoly of the Arabs and Italians of trade between Asia and Europe by the discovery of the sea route to India around the Cape of Good Hope.[1] With the ensuing rise of the rival Dutch East India Company, Portuguese influence in Asia was gradually eclipsed.[nb 1] Dutch forces first established independent bases in the East (most significantly Batavia, the heavily fortified headquarters of the Dutch East India Company) and then between 1640 and 1660 wrestled Malacca, Ceylon, some southern Indian ports, and the lucrative Japan trade from the Portuguese. Later, the English and the French established settlements in India and established a trade with China and their own acquisitions would gradually surpass those of the Dutch. Following the end of the Seven Years' War in 1763, the British eliminated French influence in India and established the British East India Company as the most important political force on the Indian Subcontinent.
The main complaint was that the Catholic Church sold indulgences. The extremely corrupt Catholic Church claimed that buying them would give you or a relative a free ticket out of Purgatory/Hell or at least lessen their sentence. Many people of the time disagreed with this because they believed that providence or actions alone determined your fate.
