Protein tumor markers found both in normal fetal tissue and in certain tumors are referred to as alpha-fetoprotein.
The time period Tumor markers can also discuss with proteins which can be made by both healthy cells and cancer cells in the frame. it could also talk to mutations, modifications, or styles in a tumor DNA. Tumor markers are also known as biomarkers. docs might also use tumor marker exams to study when you have cancer.
Protein molecular weight markers, from time to time known as protein requirements or protein ladders, are used to estimate the molecular weight of proteins of hobby and to monitor the development of electrophoretic separation or transfer in Western blotting.
Tumor markers are materials observed in higher-than-regular tiers inside the blood, urine, or tissues of a few people with most cancers. these materials, that are additionally known as biomarkers, may be made by way of the tumor. They also can be made by wholesome cells in reaction to the tumor.
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The correct answer is option D
The viruses lack the ability to reproduce without a host cell. This is the reason why the scientist declared that the viruses are considered as non living.
Viruses have genetic material in the form of DNA or RNA that is only used for replication in the host's body.
Viruses cannot survive without the host cell.
I would say it is answer c.
- In gymnosperms (plants with “naked seeds”—such as conifers, cycads, and ginkgo), the ovules are not enclosed in an ovary but lie exposed on leaflike structures, the megasporophylls.
Answer:
Pigmented snails: A_B_; albino snails: A_bb, aaB_, aabb
This is an example of recessive epistasis. In recessive epistasis, two recessive alleles mask expression of an allele at a different locus. The 9:7 ratio observed in this question is a special case of epistasis called duplicative recessive epistasis, which means the presence of either aa or bb was sufficient to mask expression of the other gene. In this case, if snails had two copies of either allele a or allele b, pigment production was suppressed, resulting in albino individuals.
