Muscle cells, also known as myocytes, contain numerous amounts of mitochondria inside of their cytoplasm. Mitochondria are organelles that are popularly known as the powerhouse of the cell because they function to process different biochemicals (such as glucose, oxygen, etc) and produce essentially Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP). Kreb's Cycle in particular talks about energy production, and the mitochondria is one of the main units where this cycle happens. You can think of ATP as the currency of the body in terms of energy. The more ATP one has, the more energy there is available for use by the different systems of the body. Muscles in particular have high demand for ATP.
Answer:
Smooth muscle fibers have an oblong shape, much like a football. They’re also thousands of times shorter than skeletal muscle fibers. Similar to skeletal muscles, cardiac muscles are striated. They’re only found in the heart. Cardiac muscle fibers have some unique features.
Explanation:
The proposal is made that seed scientists need an internationally acceptable hierarchical system of classification for seed dormancy. Further, we suggest that a modified version of the scheme of the Russian seed physiologist Marianna G. Nikolaeva be adopted. The modified system includes three hierarchical layers – class, level and type; thus, a class may contain levels and types, and a level may contain only types. The system includes five classes of dormancy: physiological dormancy (PD), morphological dormancy (MD), morphophysiological dormancy (MPD), physical dormancy (PY) and combinational dormancy (PY + PD). The most extensive classification schemes are for PD, which contains three levels and five types (in the non-deep level), and MPD, which contains eight levels but no types. PY is not subdivided at all but probably should be, for reasons given. Justifications are presented for not including mechanical dormancy or chemical dormancy in the modified scheme. PD (non-deep level) is the most common kind of dormancy, and occurs in gymnosperms (Coniferales, Gnetales) and in all major clades of angiosperms. Since, first, this is the class and level of dormancy in seeds of wild populations of Arabidopsis thaliana and, secondly, Type 1 (to which seeds of A. thaliana belong) is also common, and geographically and phylogenetically widespread, it seems that biochemical, molecular and genetic studies on seed dormancy in this model species might have rather broad application in explaining the basic mechanism(s) of physiological dormancy in seeds.
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