Answer: discount on bonds payable
Explanation:
Based on the information given, since the sum of the fair value of the warrants and the face amount of the bonds exceeds the cash proceeds, then the excess will be reported as the discount on bonds payable.
The discount on the bonds payable occurs in a scenario whereby the bonds are issued for a lesser amount than their face or their maturity amount.
The reason for this is when the bonds have a stated interest rate that is smaller than market interest rate for similar bonds.
Answer:
The closing process is necessary in order to confirm that net income or net loss and owner withdrawals for the period are closed into the owner's capital account.
Explanation:
Most economies around the world follow a specific accounting period which is commonly referred to as financial year or tax year. Before a new financial year begins, the accounts from the ongoing financial year have to be closed legitimately through a process called the 'closing process'. This process culminates in confirming that the net income secured or the net loss bore by the owner is included in no other account than the owner's capital account.
In order to carry out the closing process, the accountant has to commence with identifying the accounts that are required to be closed with or before the ending of the predefined financial period. He then has to record the last entries in these accounts as 'closing entries'. Once the accounts are closed, he has to calculate the trial balance and interpret the outcome. Closing of temporary accounts through a valid closing process dispenses the ease of calculating profit and loss in any given financial period coming to end.
Answer:
Depends on the person but probably not
Explanation:
Answer:
Ans. (1) For preparing vaccines, in olden days,microbes were injected in the bodies of horses ormonkeys. These laboratory animals used to makeantibodies to defend these microbes. Antibodies areproteins which can act against the disease-causinggerms. These antibodies were extracted from theblood of these animals and were used as vaccines.(2) Now-a-days with the advent of biotechnology,the vaccines are manufactured in laboratories withthe help of bacteria. For this purpose, a detailedstudy of the disease causing germ is undertaken.The genes and the DNA of such microbes arethoroughly explored. Then based on thisinformation, proteins which can act against suchmicrobes are synthetically prepared in thelaboratories. The safe vaccine is produced in such away which can defend the body against infections.3) Some types of vaccines are prepared from theextracts of germs. These germs or microbes aredeactivated and made dormant. When they areinjected in the body of a person, they initiate thedefending action. The body of such vaccinatedperson, already develops the antibodies in his or herbody. When in future, this person is again attackedby similar germs the defence starts immediately andthe person does not become sick.Ans. (1) For preparing vaccines, in olden days,microbes were injected in the bodies of horses ormonkeys. These laboratory animals used to makeantibodies to defend these microbes. Antibodies areproteins which can act against the disease-causinggerms. These antibodies were extracted from theblood of these animals and were used as vaccines.(2) Now-a-days with the advent of biotechnology,the vaccines are manufactured in laboratories withthe help of bacteria. For this purpose, a detailedstudy of the disease causing germ is undertaken.The genes and the DNA of such microbes arethoroughly explored. Then based on thisinformation, proteins which can act against suchmicrobes are synthetically prepared in thelaboratories. The safe vaccine is produced in such away which can defend the body against infections.3) Some types of vaccines are prepared from theextracts of germs. These germs or microbes aredeactivated and made dormant. When they areinjected in the body of a person, they initiate thedefending action. The body of such vaccinatedperson, already develops the antibodies in his or herbody. When in future, this person is again attackedby similar germs the defence starts immediately andthe person does not become sick.
