Answer:
An electrogenic effect
Explanation:
An electrogenic transport is a process where there is a translocation of net charge across the membrane. E.g of electrogenic channels are Na+, K+, Ca2+, and Cl− channels.
The ileum contains villi that project into the lumen and increase the amount of surface area.
Villi are small finger-like structures that project into the lumen of the small intestine. Villi increase the surface area of the intestinal walls for easy and quick absorption of digested food with the addition of digestive secretions. Villi vary in length from about 0.5 to 1 mm. They are usually found in large numbers at the beginning of the small intestine and they reduce toward the end of the tract.
The right answer is C
This process is called anaerobic respiration. It doesn't need dioxygen to occur (it can happen with or without O2).
Anaerobic respiration is a mechanism in which electrons pass through a chain of transporters whose final acceptor is a mineral substance other than oxygen, unlike aerobic respiration where the final acceptor is dioxygen. The final acceptor may be the nitrate ion (as in the case of Pseudomonas), carbon dioxyde or the sulfate ion.
Some bacteria (Pseudomonas) are able, anaerobically, to reduce nitrates to nitrites and then, depending on the case, to dinitrogen (with the enzyme Nitrate reductase A).
NO3- ==> NO2- ==> N2.
During DNA replication, the two strands separate as the hydrogen bonds connecting the parent strands are broken by an enzyme called helicase. In the DNA molecule (double strand) complementary bases are joined by hydrogen bonds; that is; Adenine paired to thyamine and guanine to cytosine; during replication the enzyme helicase separates the double helix by breaking the hydrogen bonds between the complementary bases.
