True. Some bacterial cells are resistant to a variety of antimicrobials because they actively pump the drugs out of the cell.
A significant resistance mechanism in Gram-negative bacteria is drug efflux. It expel solutes from the cell. Antimicrobials and metabolites are just a few of the hazardous compounds that Efflux pumps help bacteria remove from their interior environments so they can regulate it.
The main efflux systems in Gram-negative bacteria are members of the RND superfamily and typically consist of an outer membrane protein channel, a periplasmic protein, and a cytoplasmic membrane pump. The most common example is MFS (such as Bmr and Blt in Bacillus subtilis) and the ABC transporters.
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Facilitated diffusion. It is a passive transport mechanism in which carrier proteins shuttle molecules across the cell membrane without using the cell’s energy supplies. Instead, the energy is provide by the concentration gradient, which means that molecules are transported from higher to lower concentrations, into or out of the cell. The carrier proteins bind to glucose, which causes them to change shape and translocate the glucose from one side of the membrane to the other. Red blood cells use facilitated diffusion to absorb glucose.
Answer:
D
Explanation:
a statement that can be tested through a scientific investigation
The correct answer is tympanometer. A tympanometer is not used to measure hearing, but to rather measure the transmission of energy through the middle ear. In this way, tympanometry is an objective test of the function of the middle-ear. Tympanometry is used alongside other measures to asses hearing, such as pure tone audiometry.
