Clues such as fossils such as bones, footprints, tar, etc, preserved underground helped inform scientists. You can also count how old a tree is when you cut it open and there are some alive for thousands of years so that is a possible way.
Answer:
C
Explanation:
Membranes will allow and inhibit certain ions/molecules. I don't believe it can distinguish whether the molecules are harmful or beneficial!
Fungi lack chloroplasts and are heterotrophic organisms and so require preformed organic compounds as energy sources. With plants: Fungi have a cell wall and vacuoles.
Protons are equal to atomic number. Meaning the answer would be 64.