I believe they are both D, Example Clues. I could be wrong though, so don’t quote me on this. I say it’s D because on number 1, they give examples of what should be “deferenced”, and similarly in number 2, they give examples of which places are “enigmatic”. Good luck!!
Well a couple of reasons would be that pepper spray can't necessarily kill you. And even then, tasers and pepper spray make it harder to kill people then a gun.
(Hope that helps)