Answer:
(1) glycerophospholipids ⟶ (C) lipids with phosphate-containing head groups
(2) cerebrosides ⟶ (D) fatty acid linked through an amide bond to the sphingosine C(2)-amine
(3) gangliosides ⟶ (B) anionic sphingolipids containing one or more sialic acid residues
(4) sphingolipids ⟶ (A) built on sphingosine
Explanation:
1) Choline (Fig. 1) is a glycerophospholipid. It is a glycerol-based lipid with a phosphate-containing head group.
(2) Galactosylceramide (Fig. 2) is a cerebroside. It contains a fatty acid linked through an amide bond to the sphingosine C(2)-amine
(3) Gangliosides are glycosphingolipids that contain sialic acid. GQ1b (Fig. 3) is one of the most abundant gangliosides in the human brain. The carboxyl group of the sialic acid is in the ionic form.
(4) Sphingomyelin (Fig. 4) is a sphingolipid. It is based on sphingosine, with a phosphocholine head and a fatty acid chain.
