Chlamydiae together with mycoplasmas, constitute the bacterial species with the smallest genomes, possibly because they are obligate small intracellular parasites for a long time, which has allowed them to lose certain metabolic pathways, however, they contain DNA, RNA and ribosomes therefore synthesize their own proteins and nucleic acids. Chlamydiae have a unique biphasic life cycle: the elemental body, which is the infectious form, and the reticular body, which is the replicative and metabolically active form that possesses a fragile membrane that lacks the extensive disulfide bonds characteristic of elemental bodies. The characteristics of its biological cycle do not facilitate the possibility of exchange and acquisition of exogenous genetic material.
Neither nuclear energy nor alternative sources such as wind and solar seem likely to meet the demand for electricity. ... Of all fossil fuels, coal puts out the most carbon dioxide per unit of energy, so burning it poses a further threat to global climate, already warming alarmingly.
