Answer:
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Explanation:
Immunity to a disease is achieved through the pretense of certain antibodies to that specific disease in a person's system.
Antibodies are specific proteins developed by the human body to neutralize or exterminate toxins or harmful infectious organisms. There are two types of immunity: active and passive.
Active immunity results when exposure to an infectious organism triggers the immune system to produce the specific antibodies required to protect against that disease. Exposure to the disease organism can be through infection with the actual disease (resulting in natural immunity), or introduction to killed or weakened form of the disease organism through vaccination (vaccine-induces immunity).
Active immunity is long-lasting, and can even be life-long. Once the human body comes in contact with that disease again, after it's initial introduction, it will recognize it, and immediately produce the antibodies necessary to fight it.
Passive Immunity is when a person is given the antibodies to a certain disease rather than naturally producing it through their own immune system. For instance, a newborn baby acquires passive immunity from its mother through the placenta, because its body is usable to produce the antibodies to fight a disease. A person can also receive passive immunity through antibody-containing blood products such as immune globulin, which provides immediate protection from a specific disease.
Passive immunity lasts only for a few week or months, whereas active immunity is long-lasting.
