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3 years ago

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Mathematics

1 answer:

9966 [12]3 years ago

6 0

Answer:

See below.

Step-by-step explanation:

PROBLEM A

The formula for the volume of a cylinder is

V = πr²h, where πr² is the area of the base.

V = area of base x height

Choose any four numbers that are less than 10 for the height.
Then, substitute into the formula and isolate "r". 10 = πr²h
Double "r" to find the diameter.
The area of the base is found (bolded) while you solve πr².

*I will use the calculator button for pi (π)

Cylinder A: h = 1

10 = πr²h

10 = πr²(1)

10 = πr² Area of the base is 10m².

r = √ (10/π)

r = 1.78 Radius is 1.78m.

d = 2r = 1.78*2 = 3.56 Diameter is 3.56m.

Cylinder B: h = 2

10 = πr²h

10 = πr²(2)

5 = πr² Area of the base is 5m².

r = √ (5/π)

r = 1.26 Radius is 1.26m.

d = 2r = 1.26*2 = 2.52 Diameter is 2.52m.

Cylinder C: h = 4

10 = πr²h

10 = πr²(4)

2.5 = πr² Area of the base is 2.5m².

r = √ (2.5/π)

r = 0.89 Radius is 0.89m.

d = 2r = 0.89*2 = 1.78 Diameter is 1.78m.

Cylinder D: h = 5

10 = πr²h

10 = πr²(5)

2 = πr² Area of the base is 2m².

r = √ (2/π)

r = 0.80 Radius is 0.8m.

d = 2r = 0.80*2 = 1.6 Diameter is 1.6m.

The answers are reasonable if the answer is close to 10 when you substitute the rounded numbers back into the formula and solve.

There are infinite possibilities because any numbers when used in the formula equates to 10 are possible. The height/radius can be any decimal number, which would make the other dimensions change.

PROBLEM B

Follow similar steps if you know the diameter of a cylinder. Use the same formula V = πr²h.

We need the radius, which is half the diameter. r = d/2 = 10/2 = 5

Choose a random number for volume that divides easily by 25.
Substitute "V" and "r²" (r² = 25).
Isolate "h".
The area of the base is 78.54 cm² every time (A = πr²).

Cylinder A: V = 100

100 = π25h

4 = πh

h = 1.27 The height is 1.27m.

Cylinder B: V = 200

200 = π25h

8 = πh

h = 2.55 The height is 2.55m.

Cylinder C: V = 75

75 = π25h

3 = πh

h = 0.95 The height is 0.95m.

Cylinder D: V = 125

125 = π25h

5 = πh

h = 1.59 The height is 1.59m.

The answers are reasonable if I can substitute two rounded values into the formula and get a number close to the third. The height is also a decimal number which occurs because of pi.

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$P(X>55.4)=P(\frac{X-\mu}{\sigma}>\frac{55.4-\mu}{\sigma})=P(Z>\frac{55.4-55}{0.5})=P(Z>0.8)$

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Step-by-step explanation:

Assuming this previous info : "Trucks carry barrels of crude oil from a port in Texas to a distributer in New Mexico on long trailers. Filling equipment is used to fill the barrels with the oil. When functioning properly, the actual volume of oil loaded into each barrel by the filling equipment at the port is approximately normally distributed with a mean of 55 gallons and a standard deviation of 0.5 gallons. If the mean is greater than 55.4 gallons, the filling mechanism is overfilling."

Previous concepts

Normal distribution, is a "probability distribution that is symmetric about the mean, showing that data near the mean are more frequent in occurrence than data far from the mean".

The Z-score is "a numerical measurement used in statistics of a value's relationship to the mean (average) of a group of values, measured in terms of standard deviations from the mean".

Solution to the problem

Let X the random variable that represent the amount filling of a population, and for this case we know the distribution for X is given by:

$X \sim N(55,0.5)$

Where $\mu=55$ and $\sigma=0.5$

We are interested on this probability

$P(X>55.4)$

And the best way to solve this problem is using the normal standard distribution and the z score given by:

$z=\frac{x-\mu}{\sigma}$

If we apply this formula to our probability we got this:

$P(X>55.4)=P(\frac{X-\mu}{\sigma}>\frac{55.4-\mu}{\sigma})=P(Z>\frac{55.4-55}{0.5})=P(Z>0.8)$

And we can find this probability using the complement rule:

$P(Z>0.8)=1-P(Z\leq 0.8)$

And in order to find these probabilities we can use tables for the normal standard distribution, excel or a calculator.

$P(Z>0.8)=1-0.788=0.212$

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