Every living organism has traits. The traits can help them survive or make it harder. They get their traits form their parents.
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Answer:
Two groups of proteins called cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks), are responsible for the progress of the cell through the various checkpoints. The levels of the four cyclin proteins fluctuate throughout the cell cycle in a predictable pattern
Explanation:
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Don't quote me on it but I believe the first one was Democritus in the time of Ancient Greece. At the time he had no evidence though, just a lucky guess made by him.
Answer:
I think it is Transduction
Explanation:
Transduction is the process by which foreign DNA is introduced into a cell by a virus or viral vector. An example is the viral transfer of DNA from one bacterium to another and hence an example of horizontal gene transfer.
Most likely a silent mutation. Silent mutations are mutations in DNA that do not have an observable effect on the organism's phenotype because the same amino acid is produced regardless of the change in the nucleotide sequence by the mutation.