Europeans competed for power either through acquisition of colonies or building up its industries. When their industries were strong, they would strengthen their armies as well. If that was not enough they would form alliances with other countries to protect their interest.
The answer is B). They would have been executed for treason. These men were putting their lives at serious risk, because they were trying to gain independence directly against the king's consent.
George Washington was the most responsible for keeping the colonial army together.