Answer:
Antibiotic resistance can evolved in bacterial population in the following ways:
Explanation:
- In response to constant exposure to antibiotics some members of a bacterial population develop some beneficial mutations in some essential genes that gives them survival advantage in terms of food and space over the sensitive bacterial strains and hence they are capable of out-competing the sensitive bacteria.
- This happens due to the process of Natural Selection.
- These genes are called antibiotic resistance genes and bacteria usually carry them on plasmids in form of cassettes where genes resistant to multiple drugs are incorporated. These plasmids are called the MDR or Multi-Drug Resistance Plasmids.
- These resistant plasmids can be easily transferred among bacterial populations by conjugation, transformation or transduction or direct plasmid transfer.
- The resistant genes encode for proteins that render the drug ineffective by promoting their efflux from the cells, preventing their entry into the cell, chemically modifying them such that they become non-functional or altering the target site of the drug.
A good conclusion restates the hypothesis so that the reader will get was was the hypothesis made by the person and weather it was correct or not, if not then it has logical explanation to it. Conclusion also tells/summary of your project/essay
<span>1. a magazine article exaggerating the publics extreme reaction to a celebrity
2. a funny political cartoon exposing the flaws in a new government policy
3. an ironic short story that draws attention to how unmotivated people can be</span>
Answer:
The phosphate head of the phospholipid is hydrophilic because it is polar (having charge), and thus readily dissolves in water which is a polar solvent. The hydrocarbon chain tails of phospholipid are hydrophobic because they are nonpolar (uncharged), and thus remain undissolved by water. These hydrocarbon tails have an affinity for each other, orienting themselves to face each other in water, forming the hydrophobic …
Explanation:
I mean thats what i got on the internet
Answer:
Tips for helping patrons to manage material.
