background info:
Digestive system in animals is an important system in the context of digestion of ingested food into simpler forms that could be easily absorbed by the body cells.
This provides all the essential compounds needed by the body for the existence and development of the living organism. Different digestive systems have evolved according to different species, their feeding patterns, and their habitats.
answer:
Ruminant species survive only on plant matter. They are herbivorous animals.
Therefore, the digestive system of ruminants is evolved with the presence of a rumen which is a complex stomach with four different compartments.
Humans are omnivorous who depend on plant and animal matter both thus, their digestive system composes of one stomach.
This is the key difference between digestion of humans and ruminants.
hope this helped
Tissue damage activates nociceptors or pain receptors in the skin. A signal is sent to the peripheral nerve to the spinal cord where neurotransmitters or chemical messengers are released. It activates other nerves to pass signal to the brain. The signals are relayed to the somatosensory cortex for sensation, frontal cortex for thinking and limbic system for emotional response.
Answer:
Option (4).
Explanation:
Cell membrane potential may be defined as the difference in the electric potential between inside and outside of the cell. This potential is important for the action potential.
The resting membrane potential of the cell is -70mV. This membrane potential is maintained by the potassium ions of the cell. The cell membrane are almost 40 times more permeable to potassium ions than sodium ions and makes the cell membrane potential negative.
Thus, the correct answer is option (4).
Explanation:
In a food chain, only 10% of energy is transferred from one trophic level to another trophic level. If the energy produced at the producer level is 1000 J, then the energy available at the primary consumer level will be 100 J and energy available at the secondary consumer level will be 10 J.
