<span>Osteoclasts
</span><span>Are derived from stem cells that produce macrophages
Secrete acids and protein-digesting enzymes</span>
The correct answer is "coarctation of the aorta". In coarctation of the aorta, there is an abnormal narrowing of the aorta, most commonly in the abdominal aorta, which compromises blood flow from going into the lower extremities. Patients with coarctation of the aorta most commonly presents with tachypnea as this is a high pressure congenital heart defect which makes breathing harder for the baby; diminished femoral pulses and poor lower body perfusion as the narrowing compromises blood flow. In physical examination, there will be a narrow ankle-brachial index, or the difference between the pulse pressures of the ankle (lower extremity) and the brachium (upper extremity).
Confirm that the sample has both helicase and primase activities, but not the ability to synthesize DNA
- The replisome is a multiprotein-RNA complex that is required for the replication of DNA. The replisome consists of different proteins which include:
1. Helicase enzymes that unwind and separate the DNA strand
2. Replication factor C (RFC), a DNA-dependent ATP that acts as an activator of DNA polymerase.
3. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)
4. DNA gyrase/topoisomerase that cuts and reseals DNA strands, which is essential for DNA synthesis.
5. Primase enzyme that synthesizes short RNA fragments called primers.
6. DNA polymerase III, an enzyme that catalyzes the polymerization of deoxyribonucleotides into a DNA strand.
7. DNA ligases enzymes that form phosphodiester bonds at a single-strand break in DNA
- A primosome is a multiprotein complex responsible for creating RNA primers on single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) during the replication process.
- The primosome is composed of different primase and helicase enzymes. In<em> Escherichia coli</em>, it consists of PriA helicase, PriB, PriC, DnaB helicase, DnaG (encoded by the dnaG gene), DnaC and DnaT primase.
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