Answer:
Overmier and Seligman have described the phenomenon of learned <u>helplessness</u> as the tendency to feel powerless in the face of events that we can't control.
In 1967, Overmier and Seligman conducted a research, which showed that dogs, once found in an uncontrollable situation such as unavoidable electric shocks, were incapable of escaping a different situation, although there was a possible escape in that situation. The phenomenon of learned helplessness is also commonly experienced by humans who, after repeatedly going through a stressful situation, believe they do not have control over the events. They fail to take any action, even if there is a possible solution.
<span>This is an example of
"fear appeal".</span>
Fear appeals recommend to the purchaser that he or
she can maintain a strategic distance from some negative understanding and
effect through the buy and utilization of an item or service, an alteration in
conduct, or a diminishment in the utilization of an item or benefit, or the
reception of a thought - for this situation, the idea of the reality of
environmental change.
Mass communication is different from face to face communication because mass communication is involving radio, television, social networking, billboards, and newspapers wherein a rapid of transmitting messages towards a large number of people is done through this way. While face to face communication is a perception without intervening any technology, it is an interaction of individuals directly with their physical presence.
