Neural tube defects (NTD) are birth defects that occur in some specialized regions such as the brain and spinal cord. They are considered and bethink as a complex disorder because they are caused by combination of environmental and multiple genetic factors. Environmental factors include low folic acid intake, maternal use of certain anticonvulsant medications. etc. On the other hand multiple genetic factors can include spina bifida (an phenomena whereby there is incomplete closing of the spine and membranes surrouning the spinal cord at the initial stage of development of fetus in pregnancy.
During pregnancy, folate requirements increase due to the result of rapidly dividing cells related to fetal growth. It is of great advantage that pregnant woman should increase their folic acid supplements intake to (400-800μg daily) prior to conception, this can help and assist to reduce the risk for neural tube defects in the fetus.
The first thing to do is activate
EMS. Use cool or cold water to cool the burn for 10 minutes as soon as
possible. ( Do not use ice or frozen compress.) Early cooling will minimize the
depth of injury and decrease pain. Remove jewelry near the affected area. Cover
the injury with dry, clean pad loosely
to protect it. Do not give food or drink to injured person. Keep him comfortable
until EMS arrives and takes over.
you add app all the numbers for the 1 column and divide by 7 then you do the same for the other column then subtract the totals from both to get the answer
