Anything that  says further apart is incorrect. So B is incorrect.
A is correct as near as I can tell. 
C is not correct. The particles. I think C is the right answer supplied with the wrong reason. Regretfully, you can't choose it.
Same answer as C for D. Right answer wrong reason.
Answer A.
 
        
                    
             
        
        
        
First, weather is the atmospheric condition occurring over a short period of time in a relatively small location. Climate, on the other hand, is the overall environmental condition over extended periods of time. Next, the water cycle is when water from the surface evaporates as water vapor under high temperatures and condenses in the atmosphere under lower temperatures and precipitates back to the surface. In the event that water evaporates more than it condenses then the weather will be warm to hot, the ground will be relatively dry, and drought over extender periods of time may ensue. On the other hand, if water condenses and precipitates more than it evaporates, then there will be a rainy season, and may extremely lead to landslides and floods.
        
             
        
        
        
Only certain species ofmosquitoes of the Anopheles genus—and only females of those species—can transmitmalaria. Malaria is caused by a one-celled parasite called a Plasmodium. Female Anopheles mosquitoespick up the parasite from infected people when they bite to obtain blood needed to nurture their eggs.