Answer:
Salmonella are made of Flagella which prevent it from being phagocytosed.
Flagella is a long filamentous organelle responsible for bacterial motility. falgella are present exteranlly in all three dimensionally in salmonella and it helps salmonella to swim in liquid conditions and rotates the flagella on firm surfaces.
Flagella is known as PAMPs (pathogenic molecular patterns) in salmonella which is used by the host to identify bacteria and activate the immune system of the bacteria.
Hence, rotating or motility and immune function of flagella in salmonella prevent it from being phagocytosed.
Answer & explanation:
Melanism occurs due to a genetic mutation that causes the excessive and concentrated production of the black pigment, called <u>melanin</u>. The consequence is living beings with darkened skin or fur. There are three types of melanism.
Adaptive melanism occurs by the need to adapt to the environment, a condition that will be passed through the generations. This melanism allows animals to camouflage themselves during hunting or to hide from predators.
Industrial melanism is related to human interference, especially industrial activities, in the lives of animals (dark-colored moths are the best-known cases). Air contamination is one of the main factors for this condition.
There is also pseudo-melanism, which partially affects animals and is generally motivated by genetic mutations. In certain species, the characteristic spots and stripes appear larger and darker than usual. This type of melanism is very present in cats such as tigers, cheetahs, leopards. However, other animals can still be affected.
Pioneer species include bacteria and lichens that can grow on bare rock and help make soil. Secondary succession occurs in a formerly inhabited area that was disturbed. Soil is already in place, so pioneer species include small plants such as grasses.
I believe it is temperature or rainfall. All of the factors are improtant but temperature comes first, cuz the temperature can also determine the air, and soil doesn't make a difference. Longitude doesn't have to do with an ecosystem.
