Answer:
The answer is b)Betaproteobacteria and e)Gammaproteobacteria
Explanation:
Nitrification, which is defined as the microbial oxidation of ammonia to form a nitrate, plays an important role in the global nitrogen cycle. There are two different groups of bacteria that can oxidize ammonia, as a first step in the nitrogen cycle. These groups are known as the Beta-proteobacteria (genera <em>Nitrosomonas</em> and <em>Nitrosaspira</em>) and the Gamma-proteobacteria (genus <em>Nitrosococcus</em>).
Answer:
A closed system is a system where only energy is transferred or exchanged with its surroundings. Matter is not part of this exchange. An open system includes the transfer and exchange of both matter and energy with the system's surroundings.
Explanation:do u understand
Lichens are prominent on rocky shores.
When a sperm and an egg unite , they form a zygote
Answer:
Abiotic factors refer to non-living physical and chemical elements in the ecosystem. Abiotic resources are usually obtained from the lithosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere. Examples of abiotic factors are water, air, soil, sunlight, and minerals. Biotic factors are living or once-living organisms in the ecosystem.
Explanation: