Donald P. Green and David H. Yoon, 2002 "Reconciling Individual and Aggregate Evidence Concerning Partisan Stability:
<h3><u>Applying Time-Series Models to Panel Survey Data</u></h3>
Abstract.
- Party identification has been studied extensively using both individual- and aggregate-level data. This paper attempts to formulate a statistical model that can account for the range of empirical generalizations that have emerged from aggregate time series and panel surveys. Using Monte Carlo simulation, we show that only certain types of data generation processes can account for these empirical regularities. Deciding which of the remaining types best explains the data means investigating the ways in which individual-level partisanship behaves over time.
- Partisanship at the aggregate-level tends to be highly autocorrelated, re-equilibrating slowly in the wake of each perturbation. Working downward from the analysis of aggregate data, previous researchers argued that aggregate partisanship is fractionally integrated and contended that dynamics at the individual level are therefore heterogeneous. Using data from three panel surveys, we present the first direct assessment of individual-level dynamics. We also investigate the hypothesis that these dynamics vary among individuals, a claim that motivates much recent work on fractionally integrated time series.
- The model that best explains the observed characteristics of party identification is one in which individuals respond in similar ways to external shocks, re-equilibrate rapidly thereafter, and seldom change their equilibrium level of partisan attachment.
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More money and people moving from farms to city’s
An agreement among countries is called <span>Regional security alliance</span>
<span>The terms uninhibited and inhibited can be used interchangeably with the terms sociable and shy to describe a young child's temperament.
An uninhibited or sociable infant or toddler is one who warms up quickly to strangers and seems content around them. They do not cry and seek comfort from their parents or primary guardian when faced with unfamiliar people or situations. Inhibited or shy infants or toddlers on the other hand, are slow to warm up and express distress and unease when faced with new and unfamiliar people or situations. </span>
Wilson was an idealist who believed that the nations forming the league would honor the league covenant to respect each other's sovereignty and purpose to preserve peace.
It was part of his fourteen points plan for a peaceful world. He called it a general association of nations formed under specific covenants for
the purpose of affording mutual guarantees of political independence and
territorial integrity to great and small states alike.
