<span>If an orange powder coating the bottom of rivers from water runoff through old coal mines is called acid mine drainage. Acid mine drainage is an outflow of acid water that came from coal mine areas or some metal mine areas.</span>
Acid mine drainage is a phenomenon that begins when rocks containing sulfide minerals are removed from the interior of the earth by mining activities and, when disposed on the earth's surface, oxidize by reaction with atmospheric water and oxygen. The acidic (and not powder) solutions generated by the acidic drainage of the mines, as they penetrate rocks and soils, can solubilize some chemical elements present, and can contaminate surface waters such as rivers, streams and / or groundwater.
Although acid drainage can be accompanied by erosive processes, these are quite different phenomena. While erosion refers to the removal and transport of solid sediments, usually in suspension by rainwater runoff, acid drainage is the movement of solutes in acidic waters, not necessarily by runoff.
This process would be the one truly responsible for the "evolution" of mitochondria and chloroplasts as we know them from their prokaryotic ancestors. The cell process that would have initiated endosymbiosis is endocytosis; the process of taking things inside the cell
