Explain a graded potential.

Biology

1 answer:

Talja [164]3 years ago

7 0

Explanation:

Neurons communicate by changes in electrical properties of the plasma membrane that move from one cell to another. The architecture of the neuron aids the spread of these electrical signals called nerve impulses. A potential difference exists across every cell’s plasma membrane. The side of the membrane exposed to the cytoplasm is the negative pole, and the side exposed to the extracellular fluid is the positive pole. This potential difference is called the membrane potential.

If the plasma membrane is depolarized (moved toward a polarity above that of the resting potential) slightly, an oscilloscope will show a small upward deflection of the line that soon decays back to the resting membrane potential. These small changes in membrane potential are called graded potentials because their amplitudes depend on the strength of the stimulus. Graded potentials can be either depolarizing or hyperpolarizing and can add together to amplify or reduce their effects. The ability of graded potentials to combine is called summation. The level of depolarization needed to produce an action potential is called the threshold.

You might be interested in

What is the world formula of photosynthesis? The chemical formula?

Allushta [10]

World formula
6CO2(gas)+12H2O(liquid)+photons------------------------->C6H12O6(aqueous)+6O2(gas)+6H2O

carbon dioxide+ water+light energy-->glucose+oxygen+water

6 0

3 years ago

Sadie was prescribed betaxolol ophthalmic drops by her ophthalmologist to treat her glaucoma. oral beta blockers should be avoid

lara31 [8.8K]

Betaxolol belongs to the drug class of beta blockers wherein these drugs block the action of the beta adrenergic receptors in different organs, including the heart and the bronchial tissues. Oral beta blockers (i.e. Propranolol) must be avoided because there can be additive effects of the ophthalmic drops and the oral drug and may cause severe bradycardia (and/or asthma exacerbation, if the patient has asthma).

3 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

Briefly explain how sexual reproduction generates new allele combinations in offspring.

Arlecino [84]

First, crossing-over and the subsequent rearrangement of alleles on homologous chromosomes leads to gametes with a new mix of genetic material. Second, when the gametes fuse, new combinations of alleles result.

8 0

3 years ago

Individuals that carry a particular allele may have more descendants than other individuals, resulting in the allele becoming mo

Sergeu [11.5K]

Answer:

genetic drift

Explanation:

When genetic drift happens, a random allele becomes more common just by chance. Unlike natural selection, there is no benefit from the random allele that helps the organism to have a better survival rate in genetic drift. It simply coincidence without any cause. Genetic drift will less likely happen if the population bigger compared to a smaller population.

7 0

4 years ago

Someone plzzz help me is due in 20 min !! thank youuu

musickatia [10]

Answer:

A. The energy released from ATP based on the model is from the hydrolysis of the terminal phosphate group in ATP.

B. ATP in cells serves as a source of energy for cellular work/activity.

Explanation:

A. The energy released from ATP based on the model is from the hydrolysis of the terminal phosphate group in ATP. This hydrolysis of the terminal phosphate group of ATP proceeds with the release of a large amount of energy. This energy is called standard free energy of hydrolysis of ATP and is relatively large under standard conditions; about -30.5 kJ/mol.

The removal of the terminal phosphate group is able to release this amount of energy because it relieves some of the electrostatic repulsion of the negative charges the three phosphate groups in ATP. Also resonance stabilization of the released phosphate group contributes to the energy released.

B. ATP in cells serves as a source of energy for cellular work/activity. The hydrolysis of the high-energy phosphate bonds as well as the coupling of the energy released to energy-requiring reactions in the cell is the mechanism used by the cells to utilize the energy released by ATP. This couplingis usually in the form of transfer of a phosphoryl group, pyrophosphoryl group, or adenylyl group from ATP to a substrate or enzyme which then uses the energy released to transform substrates to products.

6 0

3 years ago