If those are the optional answers, it's most likely sodium.
Genetic information from DNA to RNA is called transcription which involves the enzyme RNA polymerase. The DNA is read from 3' to 5' in direction and produces an mRNA (messenger RNA) which contains the genetic data from the DNA. This mRNA strand is further processed in the nucleus (capping and adding a poly-A tail) before being transported to the cytoplasm.
The information contained in mRNA is used to make a polypeptide chain is called translation. This involves the use of ribosomes in the cytoplasm which attach themselves to the mRNA strand then using tRNA (transfer RNA) to add amino acids to the elongating polypeptide depending on the codon in the mRNA.
Explanation:
Central dogma represents the pathway in which the information encoded in the DNA flows into proteins.
The DNA is made up of the nucleotide monomers in which the nitrogenous bases are present as one of the constituents. These bases are present in the sequence are transcribed into the RNA molecule through the process of transcription.
The nitrogenous sequences in this RNA molecule are then translated into the proteins through the process of translation during which the sequence is read in pairs of three called "codons". A specific amino acid is attached to the peptide when the codons are read by the translation machinery and a protein is formed.
These proteins could perform various roles in organisms from physical to biochemical and thus the physical traits are controlled by the DNA.
Metabolism: all chemical reactions within a cell
