Answer: The Tigris-Euphrates river system, where Mesopotamia started, was an area prone to frequent flooding. The flooding deposited valuable silt onto the land and enabled crops to be grown and harvested in surplus. This was the first time farmers had an excess of what they needed. The surrounding land was devoid of most other raw materials, such as wood, stone and metal. To get these materials, the early Mesopotamians resorted to trade. At these gathering hubs, people began constructing buildings, which formed the basis for the first cities to appear and helped civilizations continue to develop.
Answer:
The best term that portrays the highlights of an american robin with its nearby family members is autapomorphy.
An autapomorphy is a particular component that is remarkable to a given taxon. In the given case, this component is block red gut and dark back. This component is seen in just the american robin species and not related species in the family.
Apomorphy is characterizes as a novel trans-formative attribute that is one of a kind to a specific animal categories and every one of its relatives and which can be utilized as a characterizing character for an animal groups or gathering in phylogenetic terms. For instance ownership of quills is an element one of a kind to flying creatures and is a characteristic that characterizes all the individuals from the Ave's class.
Synapomorphy is a trademark present in a tribal species and shared solely by its trans-formative relatives.
A plesiomorphy or symplesiomorphy is a tribal character or attribute state shared by at least two taxa.
1. Structure such as the human tailbone or appendix that evolution has reduced in size because it is no longer used = d. vestigial structure
2. study of the similarities and differences in the structures of different species:
= g. comparative anatomy
3. structure that is similar in related organisms because it was inherited from a common ancestor: = c. homologous structure
4. study of the similarities and differences in the embryos of different species: study of the similarities and differences in the embryos of different species = j. comparative embryology
5. scientist who finds and studies fossils to learn about evolution and understand the past:
= i. paleontologist
6. mistaken idea of jean baptiste lamarck that evolution occurs through the inheritance of traits that an organism develops in its own lifetime: = h. inheritance of acquired characteristics
7. process by which a single species evolves into many new species to fill available niches:
= e. adaptive radiation
8. relative ability of an organism to survive and produce fertile offspring: = k. fitness
9. structure that is similar in unrelated organisms because it evolved to do the same job, not because it was inherited from a common ancestor: = f. analogous structure
10. study of how and why plants and animals live where they do: = a. biogeography
11. process in which organisms evolve traits useful to humans because people select which individuals are allowed to reproduce and pass on their genes to successive generations:
= b. artificial selection
Due to the reduction in large industrial emmissions such as fertilizers into water zones.
