Explanation:
the pepsin enzyme will not be able to work in a basic medium when ph raised from 2 to 11 it's efficiency will be affected and will not be in a condition of digesting protein .
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water that travels across land may pick up substance and become contaminates.
An example of succession is a landslide is produced, then lichens grow, this leads to the accumulation of thin soil, which finally leads to a mature community.
<h3>What is succession?</h3>
Succession is an ecological process associated with the renewal of the ecosystem after a disturbance.
The process of succession is fundamental for reaching the homeostasis (internal equilibrium) of the ecosystem.
The succession may involve the emergence of new species in the ecosystem after disturbance.
Learn more about succession here:
brainly.com/question/1824935
In the case of the muscular cramps, the muscle contraction starts with the generation of the action potentials from the brain. The action potential causes the release of the calcium ions movement out of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (storage site of calcium). The calcium released in this process causes the contraction of the myofibrils with the help of the ATP molecules. Meanwhile, the calcium is pumped back to the sarcoplasmic reticulum through the fast calcium pumps.
The contraction of one muscle cell generate the action potential in neighboring muscle cells. When the generation of the action potential is stopped, the sarcoplasmic reticulum relaxes as well as the muscle is relaxed. The fast calcium pump is powered by a sodium gradient, and the calcium influx is a result of fast outflux of the sodium ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
In case, the sodium ion is less, the calcium pumps cannot be powered, the calcium ion would remain in myofibril, as a result, the muscle would be contracted for a longer time and this result in cramps. The muscle in this case, would be relaxed by the ATP instead of sodium gradient. So, it can be concluded that the muscle cramps are caused when the muscles are not able to relax properly.
Answer:
All living things have certain traits in common: Cellular organization, the ability to reproduce, growth & development, energy use, homeostasis, response to their environment, and the ability to adapt. Living things will exhibit all of these traits.